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The Natural Capital Index

Natural Capital Index

The Natural Capital of a country is defined by the natural physical environment. The Natural Capital model incorporates the essence of resources that allow a country to be completely self-sustaining: land, water, climate, biodiversity, food production and capacity, and energy and mineral resources. In addition, the level of depletion or degradation of those resources that could endanger future self-sufficiency are taken into account to reflect the full picture of the available natural capital.

Natural Capital index World Map

Natural Capital Index 2023

The Natural Capital Index is based on 33 quantitative indicators, forming 6 clusters – water, other natural resources, biodiversity. food security, infrastructure and nature, and exposure to climate risks.
All indicators are dived from international agencies – World Bank, UNEP, IUCN, and are analysed in absolute terms as well as trend evaluation.Text content

Natural Capital Clusters

GSCI 2023

Download the report: The Global Sustainable Competitiveness Report 2023 (PDF) Download the data: GSCI Scores 2023 (XLSX)

Sustainable & Competitive

Achieving Sustainable Competitiveness: policies for more sustainable AND more prosperous societies: Sustainable. Competitive.

The Natural Capital Index 2023

Key findings

  • The Natural Capital Index 2023 is topped by Uruguay, followed by Paraguay, Iceland, Brazil and Canada
  • South America nations, with their large biodiversity pool, score high in Natural Capital
  • Scandinavian countries, thanks to low population density, high forest coverage and the availability of water are all ranked in the top 30s,
  • The US is ranked 44
  • African countries in the tropical belt are ranked fairly high – including the 2 Congo’s, Gabon, and Cameroon
  • The two most populated countries, China (116) and India (106) are both affected by a combination of arid climate, high population density and high natural depletion levels, raising concerns over those countries’ ability to self-sustain their large populations in the long term.

State of the World

Global Natural Capital Scores

Lowest
Global Average
Global Best
Ideal World

Global Natural Capital Trends

Global Average
No Trend
Negative Trends

51% of all indicators show further deteriorating developments, while only 40% are positive. Given the absence of meaningful policies that protect the remaining biosphere and incentivises green alternatives we unfortunately have to expect a further decline of environmental parameters into the future – which in term will affect other pillars of sustainable competitiveness.

Observations

High-ranking countries are characterised by the availability of abundant water combined with tropical climate, rich biodiversity and availability of other natural resources. The highest scoring countries are mostly located in tropical areas, underscoring the overarching importance of the availability of sufficient water. While these countries currently may lack social, intellectual and governance capital, their Natural Capital would allow them to develop sustainable competitiveness over time. A certain correlation with the level of human activities and population density can also be observed: large countries with a comparably small population density and rich biodiversity are on top of the Natural Capital ranking (North America, Scandinavia, Brazil).

2023 Natural Capital Ranking

RankCountryScore
1Uruguay62.4
2Paraguay59.8
3Bhutan59.7
4Iceland59.4
5Canada59.3
6Brazil59.2
7Latvia58.9
8Bolivia58.7
9Colombia58.5
10Russia58.3
11Albania57.6
12Laos57.0
13Lithuania56.3
14Peru56.2
15Democratic Republic of Congo55.9
16Venezuela55.7
17Croatia55.6
18Serbia54.6
19Belarus54.4
20Bosnia and Herzegovina54.3
21Sweden53.8
22Romania53.6
23Estonia53.6
24Finland53.5
25Nicaragua53.4
26Chile53.4
27Panama53.4
28Norway53.3
29Sierra Leone52.9
30Guyana52.6
31Cambodia52.4
32Argentina52.1
33Fiji51.6
34Burma51.6
35Slovakia51.4
36Switzerland51.3
37Tanzania51.1
38Ukraine51.0
39Republic of Congo50.8
40USA50.6
41Papua New Guinea50.6
42Portugal50.3
43Zambia50.2
44Bulgaria50.1
45Ghana50.0
46Ecuador49.9
47Kyrgistan49.7
48Ireland49.6
49Suriname49.4
50Georgia49.3
51Equatorial Guinea49.2
52Poland49.2
53Cote d'Ivoire49.0
54Austria49.0
55Zimbabwe49.0
56Central African Republic48.9
57South Sudan48.8
58Cameroon48.6
59Kazakhstan48.3
60Belize48.3
RankCountryScore
61Denmark48.3
62Czech Republic48.1
63Angola47.9
64Tajikistan47.7
65Mozambique47.6
66New Zealand47.5
67Chad47.3
68Costa Rica47.2
69Guinea46.6
70Australia46.2
71Montenegro46.1
72Mongolia46.0
73Turkey45.9
74France45.9
75United Kingdom45.9
76El Salvador45.7
77Gabon45.6
78Uganda45.6
79Vietnam45.6
80Indonesia45.5
81Italy45.4
82Nepal45.0
83Madagascar44.7
84Uzbekistan44.5
85Solomon Islands44.4
86Honduras44.3
87Niger44.2
88Slovenia44.2
89Moldova44.0
90Rwanda43.7
91Spain43.6
92Mexico43.3
93South Africa43.1
94Togo43.0
95Lesotho43.0
96Japan42.8
97Saudi Arabia42.7
98Bangladesh42.5
99Cuba42.5
100Sudan42.4
101Hungary42.2
102Tonga42.0
103Azerbaijan42.0
104North Macedonia41.7
105Malawi41.6
106India41.5
107Burundi41.5
108Turkmenistan41.5
109Guatemala41.2
110Namibia40.9
111Nigeria40.9
112Philippines40.8
113Mali40.8
114Luxembourg40.8
115Afghanistan40.7
116China40.6
117Guinea-Bissau40.6
118Germany40.5
119Liberia40.4
120Syria40.4
RankCountryScore
121Dominican Republic40.4
122Burkina Faso40.3
123Malaysia40.2
124Jamaica40.2
125Senegal40.1
126Oman40.1
127St. Vincent and the Grenadines39.9
128Armenia39.9
129Dominica39.7
130Botswana39.4
131Morocco39.4
132Samoa39.3
133Brunei39.2
134Mauritania39.0
135Algeria38.9
136Greece38.8
137Ethiopia38.8
138Netherlands38.8
139Sri Lanka38.7
140Thailand38.6
141Mauritius38.0
143Benin37.9
145Eswatini37.4
146Iran37.1
147Egypt36.8
148Malta36.6
149Micronesia36.4
150Seychelles36.2
151Djibouti36.1
152Vanuatu35.9
153South Korea35.9
154Kiribati35.5
156Kuwait34.7
157Gambia34.5
158Kenya34.4
159Comoros34.4
160Haiti34.3
161United Arab Emirates34.3
162Bahrain33.9
163Maldives33.7
164Yemen33.7
165Pakistan33.2
166Iraq33.1
167Timor-Leste33.1
168Qatar33.1
169Eritrea32.9
170Cyprus32.7
171Sao Tome and Principe32.3
172Trinidad and Tobago32.2
173Jordan31.7
174Tunisia31.7
175Bahamas31.2
176Belgium31.2
177Israel30.8
178Grenada30.0
179Cape Verde29.4
180Singapore29.0